In 1934, Robert Graves did what very few writers do and invented a new genre: the fictional autobiography. I, Claudius took the facts of Roman history and worked them up, along with some colourful invention, into a first-person novel presented, and which could have passed, as something unearthed by the archaeologists. I, Claudius has several eminent imitators—from Marguerite Yourcenar's Memoirs of Hadrian to Jerry Stahl's I, Fatty—but for me the only pupil to outdo the master is George MacDonald Fraser in his debut and its dozen sequels.
You probably know about Flashman's other parent, . Fraser read Thomas Hughes' moralising semi-classic of boarding school life andfound the cowardly drunken godless bully Harry Flashman the only entertaining bit of it. But the book was a useful model. Just as Hughes incorporated the real headmaster and school reformer Thomas Arnold into his fiction, Fraser resolved to write Flashman out of fiction and into the real and exhaustively researched history of the British Empire at its height. That was his first bit of inspiration. The second was inverting Graves' order. Statesmen like Claudius many more interesting things than they actually . Fraser lands Flashy in a soldier's life after Hughes has him expelled from Rugby School for drunkenness. This allows him to be involved directly and decisively—scoundrel, liar, cheat, thief, coward, toady and fornicator though he is—in some of the grandest actions in British military history.
